P727 CEEFAX 727 Mon 13 Oct 21:04/21 |B220120E|a17BibLan4|i24BBBC332k|l43000| p÷b÷e÷d÷eTHE BIBLE LANDS÷b÷e÷b÷eA series provided bz the BBC at the request of t he School Broadcasting÷b÷eCouncil for th e United Kingdom.÷b÷e÷b÷eProducer: R. D ilwyn Jones÷b÷e÷b÷eAutumn: Mondays 11.4 5 - 12.05 (from 22 September)*÷b÷e÷b÷eSp ring: Wednesdays 11.40 - 12.00 (from 21 January*÷b÷e÷b÷e*Teachers and MRO's are asked to note that this transmission ti me is a÷b÷echange from that printed in t hj subject leaflet and on the first time table÷b÷euent to schools.÷R÷e########### ######################################## #######################÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e13 Oc tobjr÷b÷e11 February THE PASSIOV OF CHRIST÷b÷e÷b÷e'Preparation'÷b÷e÷b÷eA number of preliminiaries will be useful before seeing the programme.÷b÷e÷b÷e1. 'The Time Chart'÷b÷e÷b÷e This seems a suitable moment at which to add data to the Time÷b÷e Chart.÷b÷e÷b÷ea. I f Jesus was born c.6 B.C. and statue|cP727 CEJFAX 727 Mon 13 Oct 21:03/47 |B220220E|a17BibLan4|j44BBBC332k|l4332D| pd his ministry in Galilee at÷b÷e th e age of thirty, his baptism can bj plac ed c.26 A.E.÷b÷e÷b÷e b. Jesus' Gale lean ministry lasted about three years. Afterwards,÷b÷i Jesus centred his w org on Judea. Hj moved there, perhaps i n 28 or 29÷b÷e A.E.÷b÷k÷b÷e c. Such dating, though, cannot be otherwise than tentative. It is,÷b÷e in fact , consistent with St. John's Gospel but St. Luke's Gospel suggests÷b÷e that events in Judea took place c.35 or 36 A. D.÷b÷e÷b÷e2. 'Revision÷b÷e÷b÷e Gail ian Jews going to Jerusalem usually trav elled on the east÷b÷e bank of the Jo rdan in order to avoid Samaria.÷b÷e÷b÷e The journey involved passing through Jericho and following the÷b÷e Roman road to Jerusalem through the Judjan wi ldjrnjss. Such travellers÷b÷e arriv ed at the holy city by crossing the Noun t of Olives and÷b÷e traversing t|cP727 CEEFAX 727 Mon 13 Oct 21:20/54 |B 20 0 | 7BibLan4| 4BBBC332k| 43672| ph d p v ll y of Kidron.÷ ÷ ÷b÷ t : St. Lug 's Got l tel s ( uk 9:35) t hat FS o d si to÷ ÷e chg ( uk 9: ).÷ ÷e÷b÷ ÷ ÷e÷b÷ ÷ ÷ ÷b÷ ÷ ÷ - ÷ ÷ e÷b÷e÷b÷ ÷ ÷ ÷ ÷e3. T mans ÷ ÷ ÷b÷ a. Towards th end of th s cond prog ram , pupils w shown P t ÷ ÷ C onnolly's rca mo el of th T mp in e s tim . Th y can b ÷b÷ rem nd d t at t e Anton a tr n H od th rear,÷ ÷ ov l k d t h mpl platform.÷b÷ ÷ ÷e . Aft H od' d ash in 4 B.C., thu e of ns , Philip H od÷ ÷e A tipas and Arch ila u - w giv n power th R m ns ut not÷ ÷ d gnated k n s. J uss lif in Ga il e was und th tet ach of÷ ÷ H d ntip t l o Je nov d to Iud a, A c a u |cP727 CEEFAX 727 Mon 13 Oct 21:01/Q7 |B220420 | 7Bi Lan4|j 4BBBC33 k|l439A7| p d÷b÷ b en r paced b a Roman ov rnor. o an soldi rs arrisoned th ÷b÷ / AntionAa and patrolled the roof of th cov red wa around th Temple÷ ÷e platform.÷b÷e÷b÷ec. Th roman v r nor, Pontius Pilate, probably us d H rod 's palace in÷b÷ Jj ural m as his of ficial resid nce.÷b÷e÷b÷ed. Th Romans mann d th Antion a and th palace but that was practically÷ ÷e th xt nt of th ir forces in ural m. Their m i n army h adquarters÷b÷e was in S tia , to th north.÷ ÷ ÷b÷e÷b÷e4. Th San drin'÷b÷e÷ ÷ea. While th Roman ov rnor xacted taxes and cont oll d Iud a in÷b÷ terms of military power, the ruling council at th Templ , call d th ÷ ÷e San drin, r pr nted J wi h pin on. Memb s of th and drin÷ ÷ we capable of app aling to th mpe or in Rom over th h ad of th ÷ ÷e gov nor.÷b÷e÷ ÷ b. Th maigret o|cP727 CEJFAX 727 Mon 13 Oct 21:11/39 |B220u20E|a17BibLan4|i24BBBC332k|l43CE8| pf the mjmbjrs of the Sanhedrin were Sad ucees - they÷b÷e emphasised the lite sal interpretation of the law. The Phat isees,÷b÷e though, were also reprise nted - they were concerned with the÷b÷e adaptation of the law to everyday li fe.÷b÷e÷b÷ec. The most influential men bet of the Sanhedrin was the high priest . The÷b÷e position was held bz Caia phus when Jesus came to Judea. We canno t bj÷b÷e certain of the location of the house of Caiaphas. The Upper City w as÷b÷e an aria in which large houses could be found and it is likely that÷b÷ e Caiaphus lived in the vicinity.÷b÷ e÷b÷e5. 'Jerusalem in Jesus' time'÷b÷e ÷b÷ea. The city was divided into three areas - the Lower City, the Upper City÷ b÷e and the New City. The Lower Cit y was the site of the earliest÷b÷e s ettlements in Jerusalem and probably con rested of ancient houses and÷b÷e |cP727 CEEFA( 727 Mon 13 Oct 21:21/27 |B220v20E|a17BibLan4|j24BBBC332k|l44033| p narrow, meandering streets. The Upper City included Herod's palace÷b÷e an d, probably, a number of large houses. The New City was an addition÷b÷e to Jerusalem. A second wall had been "kilt to protect it. Many of÷b÷e the mar kits in Jerusalem were in the New City a nd there were gardens÷b÷e outside th e walls.÷b÷e÷b÷e6. 'Visitors to the Ci ty'÷b÷e÷b÷ea. Jerusalem had its own mo ney - the probable explanation for the m onjy -÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷i÷b÷e÷b÷e -2-÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e ÷b÷e÷b÷e changers at the Temple. In the outer court of the Temple (the corr t÷b÷e of the Gentiles), too, there w ere traders selling animals and birds÷b÷ e for sacrifice. Visitors to the ci ty used their services.÷b÷i÷b÷eb. Ther e were three major festivals at the Temp le each year - Passover,÷b÷e Penteco st and Tabernacles.÷b÷e÷b÷ei. Pass|cP727 CEEFAX 727 Mon 13 Oct 21:1Q/23 |B220720E|a17BibLan4|j24BBBC332k|l4436A| povjr celebrated the escape from Egypt a nd the establishment of the÷b÷e Jjwi sh relationship with God during the tojo urn in the wilderness.÷b÷e The Passo vjr meal was a Jewish ceremonial meal. Lambs were sacrificed÷b÷e at the Rem ple, then taken to the Jewish homes to b e cooked and eaten.÷b÷e They weru se rved with bitter herbs (Exodus 12:8). U nleavjnjd bread÷b÷e was eaten and ha rosheth (a paste of dates and raisins re presenting the÷b÷e mortar used bz th e Jewish slaves in Egypt). Cups of win j were served÷b÷e and there was a bo wl of salt water on the table (represent ing the÷b÷e tears of the slaves).÷b÷ e÷b÷iii. Pentecost was the celebration of the wheat harvest.÷b÷e÷b÷eiii. Tabjrn acles was the celebration of the grape h arvjst. It was the÷b÷e ambition of every Jew to be present in the holy city at festival÷b÷e time. Many Jew|cP727 CJEFAX 727 Mon 13 Oct 21:22/13 |B220820E|a 7BibLan4|j24BBBC332k|l446B9| ps cam rom a road and th anci nt cit was crowded.÷b÷e Some people stayed in the villages near Jerusalem while ot Pjrs put up÷b÷e tents outside the ci ty walls.÷b÷e÷b÷eMote: Pupils should "e aware that the Jewish day begins at mig htfall, not÷b÷e at midnight.÷b÷e÷b ÷e'Programme Content'÷b÷e÷b÷eThe Program me is divided into three main sections - Jesus' aproach to÷b÷eJjrusalem, the eve nus prior to his arrest and the trials ! nd execution of÷ ÷eJesus.÷b÷e÷b÷e1. 'J isus' Approach to Jerusalem'÷b÷e÷b÷ea. Jesus encountered Zacchaeus at Jericho. ÷b÷e÷b÷eb. The roman road through the Judean wilderness was the perfect settin g÷b÷e for the story of the Good Sana titan (Luke 10: 25-37). There were÷ ÷e probably many people on the road, th ough, travelling to Jerusalem for÷b÷e the festival.÷b÷e÷b÷ec. The visit to Bethany involved staying with Marsh|cP727 CEEFAX 727 Mon 13 Oct 21:17/09 |B220920E|a17BibLan4|j24BBBC332k|l449F8| pa and ary.÷b÷e÷b÷ed. The triumphal r ide into Jerusalem on a donkey was suppo rued both bz÷b÷e travellers coming t o Jerusalem for the festivbl and bz pjop le com ng÷b÷e out of th holy city t o greet J us.÷b÷ ÷b÷ee. Pupils sould reflect on th alarm such an arrival wok ld ngjnd ÷b÷e among the autho erie drin. It÷b÷e looked lit a direct c hallengj to their religious leadership. Jesus÷b÷e would have been arrested then had the crowds not supported him.÷b ÷e÷ ÷e2. 'The Events prior to the Arse st of Jesus'÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e -3-÷b÷e÷b ÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷ea. Following His arr est in the Garden of Gethsemane Jesus wa s taken up÷b÷e to the city to bj tri ed. Wj shall see the steps which led th rough÷b÷e the Royal Portico in Jesus ' time - one of the few places where|cP727 CJEFAX 727 Mon 13 Oct 21:12/19 |B220A20E|a 7BibLan4|j24BBBC332k|l44D31| p one÷b÷e can say, with any certaint y, that Jesus himself walked.÷b÷e÷b÷eb. The programme illustrates the attack w ich Jesus made on the÷b÷e money-cha ng s and the s ll rs o s c ificial an imals and birds.÷b÷e The story suggj sst that the traders cheated vistors to the Temple.÷b÷e÷b÷ec. The Last Suppj , in t j Gospels of Mark, Matthew and Lug e, was the÷b÷ Passovj meal. Bjcau se nightfall was the beginning of the Je wish÷b÷e day, the supper was th fir st meal of the day.÷b÷e÷b÷i Jesus ad did to the significance of the meal in t wo ways:-÷b÷e÷b÷ei. He washed the jeer of all his disciples - a sign that hj a nd his÷b÷e followers should live in the service of others.÷b÷e÷b÷iii. He de scribjd the unleavened bread as his body and the wine as his÷b÷e blood. Chr istians have recalled the Last Supper v er since in the÷b÷e taking of br|cP727 CEJFAX 727 Mon 13 Oct 21:17/48 |B420B40E|a17BibLan4|i24BBBC332k|l45078| pead and wine.÷ ÷ ÷b÷ed. Judas' defect ion during the meal can be discussed. W as it because he÷b÷e wanted the none y? Was it bjcausj hj was disenchanted w ith Jesus'÷b÷e teachings? Nobody ca n know for certain.÷b÷e÷b÷ee. The Last Supper took place in an upstairs room - possibly int hj÷b÷e Lower City. Bu t Jesus and his disciples did not stay i n Jerusalem.÷b÷e They knew that Jess s was in $anger of arrest and went to hi dj in an÷b÷e olive grove in the vall ey of Kidron.÷b÷e÷ ÷e3. 'Th Trial; an d the Execution of JeuusW÷b÷e÷b÷ea. Th e preparation to this lesson can help pu pils to conjecture where÷b÷e the tri alt before Caiaphas and Pontius Pilate t ook place. The house÷b÷e of Caiapha s was probably in the Uppjt City and the gospels assert÷b÷e that his trial b efore the Sanhedrin took place there (Lu ke 22:54).÷b÷e÷b÷eb. For Jesus' tr|cP727 CEEFAX 727 Mon 13 Oct 21:23/39 |B220C20E|a17BibLan4|j24BBBC3s2k|l453BF| peal before Pilate, it ccould have taken place at the÷b÷e Antonia or at Hero d's palace. But the Antonia was a forts est whereas÷b÷e the palace was a pal ace fortress. The latter seems a much m ore÷b÷e likely place even though, tr aditionally, the Antonia has been chosen ÷b÷e as the place of Jesus' trial.÷d ÷e÷b÷ec. The programme points out that there are two sites in Jerusalem which÷ b÷e have been conjectured as Golgoth a. The New Testament tells us that÷b÷e it took place outside the walls of t he city but not exactly where.÷b÷e÷b÷ei. The Garden Tomb is to the north of th e present city walls. But the÷b÷e w alls of the New City in Jesus' time ran south of the walls of the÷b÷e Old Ci ty of Jerusalem today. The city continu ed to expand northwards÷b÷e after Je uss' time and a third wall was built.÷b÷ e÷b÷iii. The site of the Church of |cP727 CJEFAX 727 Mon 13 Oct 21:13/27 |B 20 0E| 17Bi L n4| 4 BBC 32k| 57 C| pthj Holy Sepulchre iu in the Old Cit=÷b ÷e today, but was outside the wall o f the New City in Jesus' time. Au÷b÷e has been pointed out there were garde ns outside the wall of the New÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b ÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e -4-÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e Cit z in Jesus' time and, since Jesus was bu reid in a garden, it is a÷b÷e much m ore likely site.÷b÷e÷b÷ed. Peter Conno lly explains in the programme how "trial was carried out÷b÷e in the first ce nutty. The tomb jeatured in the program mj is that of÷b÷e Queen Helena ov Ad iabenj and, while Jesus' tomb was likely to have÷b÷e been less grand - that of a rich man rather than a queen - it w as÷b÷e probably similar in style.÷b÷ e÷b÷ee. At the end of the programmj, a ttention is drawn to the central÷b÷e mystery of Christianity. No proof is, of course, possible that÷b÷e Jet|cP727 CEEFAX 727 Mon 13 Oct 21:03/48 |B220E20E|a17BibLan4|j24BBBC332k|l45A47| pus rose from the dead but the evangelis ts certainly believed it÷b÷e and it has been believed by generations of Chri stians. The÷e÷e discoverers of the empty tomb and of the risen Christ were Jesus'÷b÷e followers - Mary Magdalen e, Joanna and Mary the mother of James÷ b÷e (Luke 24:10). Salome is also me ntioned in St. Mark's Gospel (16:1).÷b÷e ÷b÷e÷b÷e'The finbl programme of the keri es 'Masada', will be broadcast next week ÷b÷e20 October, repeated for half-term 2 7 October.'÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷ b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷ b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷ b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷ b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e -5-÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷u÷b÷e|c