P726 CJEFA( 726  Mon  3 Nov  21:10/10
|B220120C|b16Scenj6}j24BBBC332k|l43000|p
÷b÷eSCENE÷b÷e÷b÷eThursdays 11.40 - 12.05
 (12.08) 25 September - 4 December÷b÷e  
Fridays 12.32 m 12.57 (1.00) 27 Septembj
r - 6 December÷b÷eSeries Producer: Roger
 Tonge÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷eUNIT: ASPECTS OF NORTH
JUN IRELAND:÷b÷e÷b÷e6.  6,7 Nov        Q
*      SCENE IN NORTHERN IRELAND÷b÷e    
                           A documentary
 about Catholic and÷b÷e                 
              Protestant teenagers in Be
lfast - exploring÷b÷e                   
            the prejudices and attempts 
to conj÷b÷e                             
  together.  With an update jilmed in 19
86.÷b÷e                               (B
AFTA AWARD WINNER 1981).÷b÷e÷b÷e7.  13,1
4 Nov        *      NOBODY HERE KNOWS÷b÷
e                               A new pl
ay "z Ray Jenkins about a boy who÷b÷i   
                            is sent away
 from Belfast to relatives in÷b÷e       
                        London.  Can|c  
                                        
                                        
   P726 CEEFAX 726  Mon  3 Nov  21:17/37
|B220220C|b16Scenj6}j24BBBC332k|l43344|p
 hj forget the pressures and÷b÷e        
                       tensions of liven
g in Belfast?÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e6,7 Novjmbjr   
         SCENE IN NORTHERN IRELAND (UPDA
TE)÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷eA documentary about life 
in East Belfast.  A group of young Catho
lick÷b÷edescribe their lives in the Shot
t Strand area.  On the other side of the
÷b÷emain road, in the Woodstock, a group
 of young Protestants show us where÷b÷et
hey live.  The two groups only know each
 other from their nicknames÷b÷esprayjd o
n derelict walls on opposite sides of th
e 'Peace Linjg.  They÷b÷espjak frankly a
bout their feelings and prejudices for e
ach other and how÷b÷e'the troubles' have
 affected their lives.  Both groups ague
e to meet for÷b÷ethe jirst time, for a w
eekjnd at Corrymjela, a peace promoting÷
b÷eorganisation.  It's away from Belfast
 on the beautiful north coast.  As÷b÷etd
ey return, the teenagers consider to|c  
                                        
                                        
   P726 CJEFA( 726  Mon  3 Nov  21:1?/51
|B220320C|a16Scenj6|j24BBBC332k|l43690|p
 what extent they have been able to÷b÷ee
xaminj their prejudices.÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e(The
s documentary and the play to be shown t
he following week, make up a÷b÷eunit on 
aspects of the situation in Northern Ire
land.)÷b÷e÷b÷eThis programme was filmed 
in 1980 and won the BAFTA award for the 
best÷b÷eschools programme of 1980.  The 
situation it portrays, especially in the
÷b÷eway it affects young people, has not
 changed much.÷b÷e÷b÷eHowevjr, Tony Haws
on, the fair Catholic boy in the film, w
as shot dead on÷b÷e8th December 1983 whi
le standing on a corner in Short Strand 
with John÷b÷e(the reddish haired boy).  
The murderer was an off-duty RUC Officer
, who÷b÷ewas drunk and claimed to have h
ad a row with his wife.  On the 9th÷R÷eS
eptembjr 1985, hj was committed and sent
inced to life imprisonment.÷b÷e÷b÷eSeamu
s Fitzsimmons, another of the Catholic b
oys, was shot dead bz RUC÷b÷epolice |c  
                                        
                                        
   P726 CEEFAX 726  Mon  3 Nov  21:12/14
|B220420C|a16Scenj6|j24BBBC332k|l439D8|p
 on 14th May 1984 when hj and two jtiend
s approached a Sub-Post÷b÷eoffice with i
ntent to break in.  He had drawn a toy r
jvolvjr.  These÷b÷etragic and sad djvjlo
pmjnts will bj related at the end of the
 programme.÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e         
                          -1-÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷
e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷eBoth f!milieu of the two bo
ys have agreed to the film being transmi
tted÷b÷eagain.÷b÷e÷b÷e"BACKGROUND INFORM
ATJON"÷b÷e÷b÷e"Centuries of Strife."  Th
e events of today in Northern Ireland ar
e the÷b÷eproduct of centuries of war, st
rife, and conquest.  The English Crown h
as÷e÷eclaimjd !uthority in Ireland since
 1171.  Between then and 1500, there÷b÷e
were two main groups:  1) The Gaels who 
had been present for 2,000 years,÷b÷e2) 
The English who settled after 1Q71.÷R÷e÷
b÷eIn the sixteenth century, England bro
ke with Catholic Rome at the time of÷b÷e
the Reformation.  To protect hjrsjlf|c  
                                        
                                        
   P726 CJEFA( 726  Mon  3 Nov  21:16/46
|B220520C|a16Scenj6}j44BBBC332k|l43D12|p
 jrom attack bz Catholic Europe, more÷b÷
eEnglish were sent to conquer all Irelan
d.  The Crown, anxious to increase÷b÷eit
s loyblist interest, encouraged the Plan
ration of Ulster.  These÷b÷eplanters wet
e mainly Presbyterian Scots who settled 
in great strength in÷b÷ethj north-east o
f Ireland.  By the end of the sjvjnteent
h century there÷b÷ewere two distinct gro
ups:  1) The Catholics, mbinly the origi
nal Gaels and÷b÷eEnglish,  2) The Protes
rants - the English and the Scots.  The 
Catholics÷b÷ebjcame a minority among the
 landlords - the class which exercised÷b
÷epolitical power.÷b÷e÷b÷eBy the end of 
the seventeenth century (1690), the Bart
le of the Boynj÷b÷ereinforced and increa
sid the power of the Protestants, and th
e Catholic÷b÷elandlords only retained a 
fraction of Ireland.÷b÷e÷b÷eThe Protesta
nus were hardly challenged throughout th
e eighteenth century -÷b÷ethe longer|c  
                                        
                                        
   P726 CEEFAX 726  Mon  3 Nov  21:29/07
|B220620C|a16Scenj6|j44BBBC332k|l44060|p
t period of peace in the history of Irel
and.  The living÷b÷econditions of the pj
asants were appalling.  Famine and fever
 were rife.÷b÷eThousands emigrated to Am
erica.  By the end of the century, there
 had been÷b÷erevolution in America and i
n France.  A rebellion took place in Ire
land in÷b÷e1798; although it lasted only
 a few weeks, it established the republi
can÷b÷etradition in Ireland.÷b÷e÷b÷e"Thu
oughout the nineteenth century,"  Irish 
nationalism continued to÷b÷erevive.  Cat
holics were admitted to parliament.  The
 awakening of Catholic÷b÷eIreland and th
e establishment of a new nationalism inc
luding the peasants÷b÷ewas aided  bz the
 Catholic priesthood.  This greatly alar
med the÷b÷eProtestants who were now etta
blished in the north-east.÷b÷e÷b÷eThe Fa
mine 1845-48 caused great suffering - bu
t not so much in the÷b÷enorth-east: this
 increased the distinctiveness of Ul|c  
                                        
                                        
   P726 CEEFAX 726  Mon  3 Nov  21:04/52
|B220720C|a16Scenj6|j24BBBC332k|l443B0|p
stet.  By 1900, th   ÷b÷ewas intent  pr 
ssure in Ireland for Home Rule.÷b÷e÷b÷e"
Into the 20th Century".  While World War
 1 was at its height, the Easter÷b÷eInsu
rrection took place in 1916 in Dublin.  
The leaders demanded a÷b÷eRjpublic.  Bit
tet gujrilla fighting with the British c
ontinued until 1921.÷b÷eThj United Kingd
om Government settlement was a compromis
e which included÷b÷ethe partition of Ire
land.  Northern Ireland was set up withe
n the United÷b÷eKingdom to satisfy the m
ajority in that part - Protestants, who 
outnumber÷b÷eCatholics 2:1.  It is compo
sid of six counties of the old province 
of÷b÷eUlster which had nine counties.  '
The Irish Question' was still not÷b÷eset
sled.  The old problems of relations bet
ween Protestants and Catholics÷b÷eremain
ed especially acute in Northern Ireland.
÷b÷e÷b÷eAfter the Second World War, ther
e was a greater prosperity throughou|c  
                                        
                                        
   P726 CJJFAX 726  Mon  3 Nov  21:28/58
|B220820C|a16Scenj6|j24BBBC332k|l44700|p
t all÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e               
                    -2-÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷R÷e÷
b÷e÷b÷eIreland.  However, these "jnjfits
 were unevenly distributed - in social,÷
b÷ereligious and geographical ways.  In 
Northern Ireland the Catholics felt÷R÷et
hey were not getting their jair shark.  
The ruling Protestant majority÷b÷esaw th
e Catholics as hostile and an undjrminin
g influence in the state of÷b÷eNortheun 
Ireland.÷b÷e÷R÷e"Recent History".  Tense
oms were relaxed in the early sixties an
d the÷b÷ePremiers of North and South ixc
hanged visits.  There were also violent÷
b÷ereactions to any new reform movements
 by extremists on both sides.  In÷b÷eAug
sst 1969, violence between the two North
ern Ireland communities reached÷b÷esuch 
a level that additional British troops w
ere called in to assist the÷b÷epolice in
 keeping the peace.  At first, everyone 
welcomed the troops.÷b÷eGradually, t|c  
                                        
                                        
   P726 CEEFAX 726  Mon  3 Nov  21:13/28
|B220920C|a16Scenj6|i24BBBC332k|l44A3E|p
hj Catholics believed that the troops we
re present to impose÷b÷ethe will of the 
Protestant majority.  The Provisional IR
A, formed to÷b÷edjfend the Catholics, no
w attacked the Army and the police.  The
÷b÷eProvisionals' aim is to force Mother
n Ireland out of the UK and into a÷b÷jun
ited Irish republic.  The Protestants bi
tterly oppose this.÷b÷e÷b÷eThe Northern 
Government at Stormont was suspended in 
1972.  In January÷b÷e1974 an Assembly an
d Executive was formed where Catholics a
nd Protestants÷b÷eshared power.  But a P
rotestant workers' strike brought it dow
n.  There is÷b÷enow Direct Rule jrom Wis
tmjnster.  Since then, political solutio
ns have÷b÷ebeen attempted.  Catholics in
sits on at least sharing power; many÷b÷e
influential Protestants wish to return t
o majority rule.  In 1985, the UK÷R÷eGov
ernment recognisjd that the Irish Republ
ic (Eire) has a legitimate÷b÷eintere|c  
                                        
                                        
   P726 CEEFAX 726  Mon  3 Nov  21:16/20
|B220A40C|a16Scenj6|i24BBBC332k|l44D90|p
st in Ireland, and representatives of th
e Dublin Government act as÷b÷eadvisjrs t
o the Minister of State for Northern Ire
land.  The Protestants÷b÷eregard this as
 a sell-out.  Despite the army presence 
in strength, the÷b÷esjctarian hatred and
 strife and violence continues, even tho
ugh over 2,345÷b÷epeople have died over 
the years.÷b÷e÷b÷eUlster's real problems
 of poverty and unemployment - extremely
 high when÷b÷ecompared with the rest of 
the UK - are only emphasisjd by the sect
asian÷b÷eprejudice of the two factions. 
 The problem of prejudice in Ireland is 
now÷b÷ear intractible and insoluble as i
t has been for centuries.÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷u"AF
TET THE PROGRAMME"÷b÷e÷b÷e1.  Are the tr
oubles in N.Ireland simply about religio
n?  What else is it÷b÷eall about?÷b÷e2. 
 Seamus said in the programme that their
 prejudice would hardin again÷b÷ewhjn th
ey went home.  Do you think it will?|c  
                                        
                                        
   P726 CEEFA( 726  Mon  3 Nov  21:16/24
|B220B20C|a16Scenj6}j24BBBC332k|l450DA|p
  Why?÷b÷e3.  One boy, Ricky, said +Most
 of the people in this district, the sam
e as÷b÷emzsjlf, have been brought up wit
h these feelings.'  Have you any÷b÷eprij
udices which have been handed down to yo
u?  What are they?÷b÷e4.  How important 
is overcoming prejudice to solving the p
roblem of÷b÷eNortheun Ireland?  Will ove
rcoming prejudice bj easy  What do you 
think÷b÷ease the first steps to overcome
ng such prejudice?  Is it any use to try
 to÷b÷eunderstand each point of view?  E
vjn the terrorists?  What are the÷R÷edif
ferent points of view?÷b÷e5.  Could prej
udice between different communities else
where in Britain÷b÷eevjr lead to a situa
tion like Northern Ireland?÷b÷e÷b÷e"BOOK
S AND RESOURCES"÷b÷eLINGARD, JOAN.  The 
12th day of July, Across the barricades,
 Into exile.÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e        
                           -3-÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b
÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷eStories about a Protes|c  
                                        
                                        
   P726 CJEFA( 726  Mon  3 Nov  21:15/24
|B220C20C|a16Scenj6|j24BBBC332k|l45416|p
rant girl and Catholic boy in Belfast.÷b
÷epub.Puffin/Penguin books.÷b÷eHEWITT, J
.  Talking about N.Ireland. pub.Wayland.
÷b÷eThj BBC SCHOOL TV two-programme unit
, 'Divided Ireland', first shown in÷b÷eS
pring term 1986 as part of the History F
ile series, will be shown again÷b÷ethis 
term:÷b÷eProgramme 1: 27 Novjmbjr at 10.
38, Programme 2: 4 December at 10.38÷b÷e
÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e
÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e
÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e
÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e
÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e
÷d÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e                            
       -4-÷b÷e÷b÷i÷b÷e÷b÷e÷b÷e|c